to swell

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נָפַח(b. h.; cmp. פּוּחַ) 1) to blow, breathe. Y.Sabb.VII, 10d הנוֹפֵח כלי זכוכית he who shapes glass vessels by blowing (on the Sabbath); Bab. ib. 75b המְנַפֵּחַ בכליוכ׳. Makhsh. I, 6 הנופח בעדשיםוכ׳ he who breathes at lentils to ascertain their quality. Tosef.Sabb.XV (XVI), 2 נופח בחוטמווכ׳ you blow into its nostrils and put the teat into its mouth; Sabb.128b; Y. ib. XVIII, end, 16c יין ונופחוכ׳ מביא you take wine and squirt it B. Mets.60b אין נוֹפְחִין בקרביים it is not permitted to blow up entrails (for sale, to give them a delusive appearance); a. fr. 2) to be blown up, to swell. Tanḥ. Kdosh. 8 נָפְחוּ פניו his face was swollen. Ib. עיניו נְפוּחוֹת his eyes swollen. Nif. נִיפֵּחַ same. Sabb.75b, v. supra. Maasr. IV, 5 מְנַפֵּיחַ … ואם ני׳וכ׳ Y. ed. (Bab. ed. מנפח … נפח; Ms. M. מנפיח; Mish. ed. מנפה … נפה, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 7) he may blow out (the chaff of the wheat-ears) from hand to hand and eat, but if he blows and puts the grain in his lap, he is bound (to pay tithes); Bets.13b. Ib. 14a. Ber.19b; Nidd.57a, a. e., v. פְּרַס; a. fr.Y.Peah VIII, 21b top המנפח, read המכפח, v. קָפַח. Pu. נוּפָּח to be blown, fanned. Treat. Smah. ch. VIII מוטב … אש שנוּפְּחָה ולא אש שלא נופחהוכ׳ it is better that a fire consume me which has been blown (by man), than a fire that has not been fanned (Gehenna; Job 20:26). Nif. נִיפַּח to be blown up, to swell. Num. R. s. 7 תִּנָּפֵחַ כרסיוכ׳ my belly may swell and burst.

נָפַח(b. h.; cmp. פּוּחַ) 1) to blow, breathe. Y.Sabb.VII, 10d הנוֹפֵח כלי זכוכית he who shapes glass vessels by blowing (on the Sabbath); Bab. ib. 75b המְנַפֵּחַ בכליוכ׳. Makhsh. I, 6 הנופח בעדשיםוכ׳ he who breathes at lentils to ascertain their quality. Tosef.Sabb.XV (XVI), 2 נופח בחוטמווכ׳ you blow into its nostrils and put the teat into its mouth; Sabb.128b; Y. ib. XVIII, end, 16c יין ונופחוכ׳ מביא you take wine and squirt it B. Mets.60b אין נוֹפְחִין בקרביים it is not permitted to blow up entrails (for sale, to give them a delusive appearance); a. fr. 2) to be blown up, to swell. Tanḥ. Kdosh. 8 נָפְחוּ פניו his face was swollen. Ib. עיניו נְפוּחוֹת his eyes swollen. Nif. נִיפֵּחַ same. Sabb.75b, v. supra. Maasr. IV, 5 מְנַפֵּיחַ … ואם ני׳וכ׳ Y. ed. (Bab. ed. מנפח … נפח; Ms. M. מנפיח; Mish. ed. מנפה … נפה, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 7) he may blow out (the chaff of the wheat-ears) from hand to hand and eat, but if he blows and puts the grain in his lap, he is bound (to pay tithes); Bets.13b. Ib. 14a. Ber.19b; Nidd.57a, a. e., v. פְּרַס; a. fr.Y.Peah VIII, 21b top המנפח, read המכפח, v. קָפַח. Pu. נוּפָּח to be blown, fanned. Treat. Smah. ch. VIII מוטב … אש שנוּפְּחָה ולא אש שלא נופחהוכ׳ it is better that a fire consume me which has been blown (by man), than a fire that has not been fanned (Gehenna; Job 20:26). Nif. נִיפַּח to be blown up, to swell. Num. R. s. 7 תִּנָּפֵחַ כרסיוכ׳ my belly may swell and burst.

נְפַחch. same, 1) to blow. Targ. Gen. 2:7; a. fr.Y.Bets. II, end, 62b (ל) מִנְפּוֹחַוכ׳ to blow meat up. Gitt.69a bot. לִינְפַּח ליה חבריהוכ׳ let his neighbor blow white cress-seeds (into his throat) through a straw. Ḥull.46b ונַפְחִינָא לה and we blow the lungs up; a. fr.Part. pass. נְפִיחַ; f. נְפִיחָא; pl. נְפִיחִין; נְפִיחָן blown, ignited; blown up, swollen. Targ. Job 20:26. Targ. O. Num. 5:21; a. fr.Ḥull.47b א״ד דנפיחא (not דנפיחה) some explain דמיא לאופתא (v. אוּפְתָּא) as meaning lungs which look as if distended (white). Sabb.33a נְפִיחֵי כפן, v. כַּפְנָא; a. fr. 2) to be blown up, to swell. Targ. O. Num. 5:27, v. Ithpa. (Y. ותְנָפַח, prob. to be read: ותִתְנְפַח).Lev. R. s. 33; Cant. R. to II, 14, v. קוּלְתָא. Pa. נַפַּח same, to blow, cause swelling. Targ. Y. Num. 5:22 (O. לְאַפָּחָא, Af.; ed. Amst. לַאֲפָחָא); a. e.Part. pass. מְנַפַּח; f. מְנַפְּחָא; pl. מְנַפְּחִין; מְנַפְּחָן. Targ. Y. ib. 21.Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי (חד כות׳ 1) כל עמא מְנַפְּחִין ליוכ׳ (I dreamt) all the people were blowing at me with their full cheeks. Ib. דאינון מנפחין (it meant) that it (the wheat) was swollen (through rain drippings). Snh.43a; B. Bath. 134b רב ששתוכ׳ מְנַפֵּח R. Sh. blew into his hand (intimating that the question raised was scurrilous); a. e. Af. אַפַּח, אֲפַח 1) to blow, swell. Targ. O. Num. 5:22, v. supra. Targ. Ps. 11:6 מַפְּחִין דאשתא (Ms. מפ׳ אש׳) blowers (winds) of fire (h. text פחים אש). 2) (with נפש) to incite longing, to cause despair. Targ. Job 31:39. Targ. 1 Sam. 2:33 (h. text לאדיב).V. מַפַּח. Ittaf. אִתַּפַּח, Ithpa. אִתְנַפַּח, אִינַּ׳; Ithpe. אִתְנְפַח, אִינְּ׳ 1) to be swollen. Targ. Y. Num. 5:27 (v. supra; O. ויִפְּחוּן, ed. Berl. ויִפְחוּן). Targ. Job 19:26 (ed. Wil. אִתְּפָח; h. text נקפו). Targ. Koh. 12:5.Y.Maas. Sh. IV, end, 55c אִינַּפְּחָן the wheat shall swell (v. supra). 2) to be blown, ignited. Sabb.26a אינפח בה נורא she caught fire.

נְפַחch. same, 1) to blow. Targ. Gen. 2:7; a. fr.Y.Bets. II, end, 62b (ל) מִנְפּוֹחַוכ׳ to blow meat up. Gitt.69a bot. לִינְפַּח ליה חבריהוכ׳ let his neighbor blow white cress-seeds (into his throat) through a straw. Ḥull.46b ונַפְחִינָא לה and we blow the lungs up; a. fr.Part. pass. נְפִיחַ; f. נְפִיחָא; pl. נְפִיחִין; נְפִיחָן blown, ignited; blown up, swollen. Targ. Job 20:26. Targ. O. Num. 5:21; a. fr.Ḥull.47b א״ד דנפיחא (not דנפיחה) some explain דמיא לאופתא (v. אוּפְתָּא) as meaning lungs which look as if distended (white). Sabb.33a נְפִיחֵי כפן, v. כַּפְנָא; a. fr. 2) to be blown up, to swell. Targ. O. Num. 5:27, v. Ithpa. (Y. ותְנָפַח, prob. to be read: ותִתְנְפַח).Lev. R. s. 33; Cant. R. to II, 14, v. קוּלְתָא. Pa. נַפַּח same, to blow, cause swelling. Targ. Y. Num. 5:22 (O. לְאַפָּחָא, Af.; ed. Amst. לַאֲפָחָא); a. e.Part. pass. מְנַפַּח; f. מְנַפְּחָא; pl. מְנַפְּחִין; מְנַפְּחָן. Targ. Y. ib. 21.Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי (חד כות׳ 1) כל עמא מְנַפְּחִין ליוכ׳ (I dreamt) all the people were blowing at me with their full cheeks. Ib. דאינון מנפחין (it meant) that it (the wheat) was swollen (through rain drippings). Snh.43a; B. Bath. 134b רב ששתוכ׳ מְנַפֵּח R. Sh. blew into his hand (intimating that the question raised was scurrilous); a. e. Af. אַפַּח, אֲפַח 1) to blow, swell. Targ. O. Num. 5:22, v. supra. Targ. Ps. 11:6 מַפְּחִין דאשתא (Ms. מפ׳ אש׳) blowers (winds) of fire (h. text פחים אש). 2) (with נפש) to incite longing, to cause despair. Targ. Job 31:39. Targ. 1 Sam. 2:33 (h. text לאדיב).V. מַפַּח. Ittaf. אִתַּפַּח, Ithpa. אִתְנַפַּח, אִינַּ׳; Ithpe. אִתְנְפַח, אִינְּ׳ 1) to be swollen. Targ. Y. Num. 5:27 (v. supra; O. ויִפְּחוּן, ed. Berl. ויִפְחוּן). Targ. Job 19:26 (ed. Wil. אִתְּפָח; h. text נקפו). Targ. Koh. 12:5.Y.Maas. Sh. IV, end, 55c אִינַּפְּחָן the wheat shall swell (v. supra). 2) to be blown, ignited. Sabb.26a אינפח בה נורא she caught fire.

תָּפַחI (Tafel of נ־פח) to be blown up, swell. Pes.III, 4 (48b), v. לָטַש. Sabb.91a הוציא … ותָפְחָהוכ׳ if he carried out (on the Sabbath) the size of half a dried fig, intending to sow it, and it swelled (to the size of a whole fig), v. צָמַק. Tosef.Shebi.II, 14 כדי שיִתְפַּח in order that it (the dung) may swell (or become moist, v. תָּפַח III). Mikv. VII, 7 כדי שיִתְפְּחוּ המים that the water may rise in volume. Num. R. s. 921> ויִתְפַּח צוארה (not ותפח) and her throat shall swell. Y.Ter.II, 41d top אתה רואה את הצמק כאילו ת׳ look upon the shrivelled fruit as if it were blown up (of full size). Ib. לִתְפּוֹחַ, v. חֶּפַח; a. fr.Part. pass. תָּפוּחַ round and smooth. Y.Nidd.III, 50d bot. ראשו ת׳ כתורמוס the head (of the embryo) is round and smooth as a lupine; כקרקבן as a birds maw.

תָּפַחI (Tafel of נ־פח) to be blown up, swell. Pes.III, 4 (48b), v. לָטַש. Sabb.91a הוציא … ותָפְחָהוכ׳ if he carried out (on the Sabbath) the size of half a dried fig, intending to sow it, and it swelled (to the size of a whole fig), v. צָמַק. Tosef.Shebi.II, 14 כדי שיִתְפַּח in order that it (the dung) may swell (or become moist, v. תָּפַח III). Mikv. VII, 7 כדי שיִתְפְּחוּ המים that the water may rise in volume. Num. R. s. 921> ויִתְפַּח צוארה (not ותפח) and her throat shall swell. Y.Ter.II, 41d top אתה רואה את הצמק כאילו ת׳ look upon the shrivelled fruit as if it were blown up (of full size). Ib. לִתְפּוֹחַ, v. חֶּפַח; a. fr.Part. pass. תָּפוּחַ round and smooth. Y.Nidd.III, 50d bot. ראשו ת׳ כתורמוס the head (of the embryo) is round and smooth as a lupine; כקרקבן as a birds maw.

בִּטְבֵּט(Pilp. of בוט or בטט, v. בטי) to swell.Hithpa. הִתְבַּטְבֵּט; Nithpa. נִתְבַּטְבֵּט to swell, grow. Tanḥ. Mishp. 9 as the bite of a snake is not felt עדשנ׳ עליו until a swelling sets in, so is usury not felt עד שמִתְבַּטְבֶּטֶת עליו until it has grown upon him (the debtor). Ex. R. s. 31 שמתבעט, corr. acc.).

בִּטְבֵּט(Pilp. of בוט or בטט, v. בטי) to swell.Hithpa. הִתְבַּטְבֵּט; Nithpa. נִתְבַּטְבֵּט to swell, grow. Tanḥ. Mishp. 9 as the bite of a snake is not felt עדשנ׳ עליו until a swelling sets in, so is usury not felt עד שמִתְבַּטְבֶּטֶת עליו until it has grown upon him (the debtor). Ex. R. s. 31 שמתבעט, corr. acc.).

עָבַר(b. h.) 1) to be thick, swell; to run over. Par. VI, 4 כדי שיַעַבְרוּ המיםוכ׳ that the water may overflow into a vessel; a. e.Ex. R. s. 15 שאני עוֹבֵר, v. עֶבְרָה. 2) (cmp. סְגֵי I a. II) to pass, to cross. Tosef.Sot.VIII, 1; Sot.33b כיצד עָבְרוּ ישראל אתוכ׳ in what manner did the Israelites cross the Jordan? Cant. R. to V, 13 עוֹבֵר הוא וחוזרוכ׳ he goes over his studies once and again ; a. fr.ע׳ את הדין to cross the line of justice, to be too severe. Midd. II, 2 כאילו עברו עליווכ׳ as if they had treated him too severely (arbitrarily). Ex. R. s. 30 כשם שאני יכול לַעֲבוֹר … ואני איני מַעֲבִירוכ׳ as I (the Lord) have power to treat the nations with rigor, but refrain from doing so, so shall you not go beyond the line of justice. Ib. עִיבְּרָה את הדין (Pi.); a. e. 3) (with על) to pass over (a sin); to forgive. Cant. R. to V, 5 (play on מור עובר, ib.) מר עובר ע׳ על מררי the bitterness passes away, he (the Lord) passes over my bitterness (sin). R. Hash. 17a (ref. To Mic. 7:18) למי נושא עון למי שעובר על פשע whose iniquity does he pardon? the iniquity of him who forgives (his neighbors) transgression; a. e. 4) to transgress, sin. Yoma 86b, a. e. כיון שע׳ אדם עבירה ושנהוכ׳ as soon as a man has committed a sin and repeated it, it becomes to him a permitted act. Ib. a, a. e. ע׳ על עשה when one has transgressed a positive law (committed a sin of omission). Ib. ע׳ על כריתותוכ׳ when one has committed sins punishable with extinction or death by a court. Erub.100a, a. fr. עובר על בלוכ׳, v. בַּל. Keth.VII, 6 העוֹבֶרֶת על דתוכ׳ if a wife offends against Mosaic or Jewish customs, v. דַּת; Y. ib. VII, 31c top נשים המְעַבְּרוֹת על הדת (Pi.); a. v. fr. 5) to pass, overtake, precede. Pes.7b כל המצות מברך עליהן עובר לעשייתן in the performance of all religious ceremonies one must say the benediction over them before doing them; מאי משמע דהאי עובר לישנא דאקדומי היא what evidence is there that this ‘ober has the meaning of precedence? Answ. by ref. to ויעבר (2 Sam. 18:23) ‘and he arrived before the Cushite. 6) to pass by, go away, be removed. Pes.III, 1 אלו עוֹבְרִין בפסח the following things must pass away (their use must be suspended) during Passover. Bets.26a, a. fr. מום עובר a transitory blemish, opp. קבוע. Ber.26a ע׳ יומו בטל קרבנו when its day is passed, the sacrifice of the day is void. Pes.II, 2 חמץ … שע׳ עליו הפסח leavened matter … over which Passover has passed (which had been in the house during Passover). Ber.IX, 3 הצועק לַשֶּׁעָבַרוכ׳ praying for what is passed (decided) is a vain prayer, e. g. if ones wife is with child, and one prays, may it be the will of God that my wife bear a male child; Y.Taan.II, 65c bot. נותן הודייה לשעבר וצועקוכ׳ one gives thanks for what is passed, and prays for what is to come. Gitt.VII, 7 כל זמן שאֱעֶבוֹר מכנגד פניךוכ׳ as soon as I shall have been out of thy sight for thirty days; Tosef. ib. VII (V), 10. Keth.17a ע׳ מלפני כלה he passed aside to make room for a bridal procession. Yoma 66a, a. e. חטאת שעָבְרָה שנתה a sin-offering whose year is passed (that is older than one year); Tem.22a שעִיבְּרָה שנתה (Pi.) whose year is completed (v. infra). Ib. 21b בכור שעברה שנתו a first-born animal older than one year; R. Hash. 5b; Zeb.29a bot. שעיברה; Tosef.Snh.III, 6 בכור שעיברה זמנו ed. Zuck. (read with Var.: שעבר). Keth.87a על שֶׁעָ׳ as regards the past, v. עָתִיד; a. v. fr.לַשֶּׁעָ׳ in former days. Gen. R. s. 47, opp. עַכְשָׁיו; a. fr. Hif. חֶעֱבִיר 1) to lead past, stroke gently. Tosef.Sabb.VII (VIII), 23 (read:) מַעֲבִירִין על גבי העין בשבת you are permitted to stroke a sore eye on the Sabbath; Y. ib. XIV, 14c bot. מעבירין על העין. Ib. הֶעֱבִירוּ עליו כלים they passed garments over it. 2) to cause to pass; to remove, displace. Keth.17a מַעֲבִירִין את המת מלפני כלהוכ׳ a funeral procession is made to make way for a bridal procession, and both of them for the king, v. supra. Gitt.57b שאין אנו מעבירין אותו באל אחר that we shall never displace him for another god; שאין מַעֲבִיר אותנווכ׳ that he will never displace us for another nation. Ex. R. s. 30 כאילו היא מעביר איקיניןוכ׳ as if he removed (defaced) the kings portrait; a. fr. 3) to go beyond. Ib. איני מעבירוכ׳, v. supra. Ib. הבריות מעבירין על הדיןוכ׳ men go beyond the line of justice (are treacherous, cruel), and they are punished; a. e. 4) to skip over; to forego, postpone.ה׳ על מדותיו, v. מִדָּה.Yoma 33a; 58b, a. fr. אין מעבירין על המצות you must not forego the occasion for performing a religious act. Erub.64b אין מעבירין על האוכלין you must not pass by eatables (and let them lie in the street); B. Mets.23a; a. fr. 5) to forego, overlook, pardon. R. Hash. 17a (ref. to Mic. 7:18) מעביר ראשון ראשין וכך היא המדה (Ms. M. על ראשוןוכ׳; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) he pardons one sin after the other (before they are put on the scale), and such is the divine dealing. Ib. מעבירין לו על כל פשעיו all his transgressions are pardoned; a. fr. 6) to cause to forego or disregard. Erub.41b שלשה דברים מעבירין … עלוכ׳ three things make a man disregard his own sense (of right) and the sense of his Maker; a. e. Pi. עִיבֵּר 1) to be completed, full. Tem.22a, a. e., v. supra. 2) to transgress repeatedly. Y.Keth.VII, 31c top, v. supra. 3) to go beyond. Ex. R. l. c. עיברה את הדין, v. supra. Tosef.B. Kam. VI, 22 שעיברה הדליקה עד, read with Y. ib. VII, 5c. שעברה … את. 4) (v. עוּבָּר) to carry, be with young. Kidd.31b כי עִבַּרְתּוֹ אמווכ׳ while his mother was pregnant with him, his father died. Tosef.B. Kam. X, 1 ועִיבְּרָה אצלו (B. Kam.IX, 1 ונִתְעַבְּרָה) and the cow became pregnant while she was in his possession. Ḥull.58a; a. fr.Part. pass. f. מְעוּבֶּרֶת; pl. מְעוּבָּרוֹת pregnant. Yeb.XVI, 1. Ib. 36b, a. e. מע׳ חבירו a woman who is with child of another man (divorced or widowed during pregnancy). Gen. R. s. 85 מלכים אני מע׳ גיאלים אני מע׳ I am pregnant with kings, with redeemers (kings and redeemers are destined to be of my offspring). Yeb.III, 10; a. fr. 4) (v. עִיבּוּר) to extend the city limits, for the purpose of defining Sabbath distances, in cases of buildings projecting beyond the city lines (outskirts). Erub.V, 1 כיצד מְעַבְּרִיןוכ׳ (v. אָבַר), defined ib. 53a; Y. ib. V, beg.22b; Y.Ber.VII, 12c top כאשה עוברה like a pregnant woman; Tosef. ib. VI (V), 1; a. e. 6) to complement, add to, esp. to intercalate a month, (second Adar); proclaim a leap year; to complement a month (v. מָלֵא) by assigning to it an additional day (thirty days). Tosef.Snh.II, 1 שנים אומרים צריכה לְעַבֵּר if two judges say, it is necessary to intercalate a month. Ib. 2 על שלשה סימנים מעבריןוכ׳ on three indications the intercalation is decided; על שנים מעבריןוכ׳ when two of them exist, the intercalation is decreed. Ib. ואם עִיבְּרוּהָ הרי זו מעוברת but if they proclaimed it a leap-year, it remains a leap-year; a. fr.Part. pass. מְעוּבָּר; f. מְעוּבֶּרֶת. R. Hash. 19b אלול מע׳ an Elul of thirty days. Snh.11b אינה מע׳ the year is not a leap-year (the declared intercalation is invalid); a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְעַבֵּר, Nithpa. נִתְעַבֵּר 1) to swell (with anger), to become wroth. Sifré Num. 135 (expl. ויתעבר, Deut. 3:26) כאדם שאומר נ׳ בי פלוני נתמלאוכ׳ as a man says, that man (became full) got wroth with me, meaning, he was filled with wrath against me; Yalk. Deut. 818; Sifré Deut. 29 כאשה שאינה יכולה לשוח מפני עוברה ( swelled,) like a woman that cannot bend down on account of the child she is pregnant with; v. עֶבְרָה. 2) to become pregnant. Gen. R. s. 45 מביאה … נִתְעַבְּרָה she conceived on her first intercourse; אין אשה מִתְעַבֶּרֶתוכ׳ no woman conceives on ; Yeb.34a. Ib. b כדי שלא תִתְעַבֵּרוכ׳ that she may not become with child, and her beauty, v. כָּחַש. B. Kam.IX, 1 ונתעברה אצלו, v. supra; a. fr. 3) to be extended, to be consolidated into one township. Y.Erub.V, 22b bot. יכול אני … בית מעון מתעברתוכ׳ I can cause Beth Ma‘on and Tiberias to be considered one township (as regards Sabbath distances). 4) to be added to, to be proclaimed a full month (of thirty days), a leap-year (of thirteen months). Y.R. Hash. III, beg. 58c ניסן לא נ׳ מימיו Nisan was never made a full month (by decree of the court); Y.Shebi.X, beg.39b; a. e.Snh.12a ראויה … שתִּתְעַבֵּר that year ought to have been a leap-year. B. Mets. נִתְעַבְּרָה השנה נתע׳ לשוכר if the year was made a leap-year, the tenant (that rented by the year) reaps the benefit of the intercalation. R. Hash. 19b; a. fr. Nif. נֶעֱבַר (with עֲבֵרָה) to be committed. Tosef.B. Kam. X, 3 בהמה ונֶעֶבְרָה בה עבירה if one stole a beast, and some sinful act was committed on it (by which it became forbidden for any benefit); (B. Kam.IX, 2, a. fr. נעבדה … עבירה).

עָבַר(b. h.) 1) to be thick, swell; to run over. Par. VI, 4 כדי שיַעַבְרוּ המיםוכ׳ that the water may overflow into a vessel; a. e.Ex. R. s. 15 שאני עוֹבֵר, v. עֶבְרָה. 2) (cmp. סְגֵי I a. II) to pass, to cross. Tosef.Sot.VIII, 1; Sot.33b כיצד עָבְרוּ ישראל אתוכ׳ in what manner did the Israelites cross the Jordan? Cant. R. to V, 13 עוֹבֵר הוא וחוזרוכ׳ he goes over his studies once and again ; a. fr.ע׳ את הדין to cross the line of justice, to be too severe. Midd. II, 2 כאילו עברו עליווכ׳ as if they had treated him too severely (arbitrarily). Ex. R. s. 30 כשם שאני יכול לַעֲבוֹר … ואני איני מַעֲבִירוכ׳ as I (the Lord) have power to treat the nations with rigor, but refrain from doing so, so shall you not go beyond the line of justice. Ib. עִיבְּרָה את הדין (Pi.); a. e. 3) (with על) to pass over (a sin); to forgive. Cant. R. to V, 5 (play on מור עובר, ib.) מר עובר ע׳ על מררי the bitterness passes away, he (the Lord) passes over my bitterness (sin). R. Hash. 17a (ref. To Mic. 7:18) למי נושא עון למי שעובר על פשע whose iniquity does he pardon? the iniquity of him who forgives (his neighbors) transgression; a. e. 4) to transgress, sin. Yoma 86b, a. e. כיון שע׳ אדם עבירה ושנהוכ׳ as soon as a man has committed a sin and repeated it, it becomes to him a permitted act. Ib. a, a. e. ע׳ על עשה when one has transgressed a positive law (committed a sin of omission). Ib. ע׳ על כריתותוכ׳ when one has committed sins punishable with extinction or death by a court. Erub.100a, a. fr. עובר על בלוכ׳, v. בַּל. Keth.VII, 6 העוֹבֶרֶת על דתוכ׳ if a wife offends against Mosaic or Jewish customs, v. דַּת; Y. ib. VII, 31c top נשים המְעַבְּרוֹת על הדת (Pi.); a. v. fr. 5) to pass, overtake, precede. Pes.7b כל המצות מברך עליהן עובר לעשייתן in the performance of all religious ceremonies one must say the benediction over them before doing them; מאי משמע דהאי עובר לישנא דאקדומי היא what evidence is there that this ‘ober has the meaning of precedence? Answ. by ref. to ויעבר (2 Sam. 18:23) ‘and he arrived before the Cushite. 6) to pass by, go away, be removed. Pes.III, 1 אלו עוֹבְרִין בפסח the following things must pass away (their use must be suspended) during Passover. Bets.26a, a. fr. מום עובר a transitory blemish, opp. קבוע. Ber.26a ע׳ יומו בטל קרבנו when its day is passed, the sacrifice of the day is void. Pes.II, 2 חמץ … שע׳ עליו הפסח leavened matter … over which Passover has passed (which had been in the house during Passover). Ber.IX, 3 הצועק לַשֶּׁעָבַרוכ׳ praying for what is passed (decided) is a vain prayer, e. g. if ones wife is with child, and one prays, may it be the will of God that my wife bear a male child; Y.Taan.II, 65c bot. נותן הודייה לשעבר וצועקוכ׳ one gives thanks for what is passed, and prays for what is to come. Gitt.VII, 7 כל זמן שאֱעֶבוֹר מכנגד פניךוכ׳ as soon as I shall have been out of thy sight for thirty days; Tosef. ib. VII (V), 10. Keth.17a ע׳ מלפני כלה he passed aside to make room for a bridal procession. Yoma 66a, a. e. חטאת שעָבְרָה שנתה a sin-offering whose year is passed (that is older than one year); Tem.22a שעִיבְּרָה שנתה (Pi.) whose year is completed (v. infra). Ib. 21b בכור שעברה שנתו a first-born animal older than one year; R. Hash. 5b; Zeb.29a bot. שעיברה; Tosef.Snh.III, 6 בכור שעיברה זמנו ed. Zuck. (read with Var.: שעבר). Keth.87a על שֶׁעָ׳ as regards the past, v. עָתִיד; a. v. fr.לַשֶּׁעָ׳ in former days. Gen. R. s. 47, opp. עַכְשָׁיו; a. fr. Hif. חֶעֱבִיר 1) to lead past, stroke gently. Tosef.Sabb.VII (VIII), 23 (read:) מַעֲבִירִין על גבי העין בשבת you are permitted to stroke a sore eye on the Sabbath; Y. ib. XIV, 14c bot. מעבירין על העין. Ib. הֶעֱבִירוּ עליו כלים they passed garments over it. 2) to cause to pass; to remove, displace. Keth.17a מַעֲבִירִין את המת מלפני כלהוכ׳ a funeral procession is made to make way for a bridal procession, and both of them for the king, v. supra. Gitt.57b שאין אנו מעבירין אותו באל אחר that we shall never displace him for another god; שאין מַעֲבִיר אותנווכ׳ that he will never displace us for another nation. Ex. R. s. 30 כאילו היא מעביר איקיניןוכ׳ as if he removed (defaced) the kings portrait; a. fr. 3) to go beyond. Ib. איני מעבירוכ׳, v. supra. Ib. הבריות מעבירין על הדיןוכ׳ men go beyond the line of justice (are treacherous, cruel), and they are punished; a. e. 4) to skip over; to forego, postpone.ה׳ על מדותיו, v. מִדָּה.Yoma 33a; 58b, a. fr. אין מעבירין על המצות you must not forego the occasion for performing a religious act. Erub.64b אין מעבירין על האוכלין you must not pass by eatables (and let them lie in the street); B. Mets.23a; a. fr. 5) to forego, overlook, pardon. R. Hash. 17a (ref. to Mic. 7:18) מעביר ראשון ראשין וכך היא המדה (Ms. M. על ראשוןוכ׳; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) he pardons one sin after the other (before they are put on the scale), and such is the divine dealing. Ib. מעבירין לו על כל פשעיו all his transgressions are pardoned; a. fr. 6) to cause to forego or disregard. Erub.41b שלשה דברים מעבירין … עלוכ׳ three things make a man disregard his own sense (of right) and the sense of his Maker; a. e. Pi. עִיבֵּר 1) to be completed, full. Tem.22a, a. e., v. supra. 2) to transgress repeatedly. Y.Keth.VII, 31c top, v. supra. 3) to go beyond. Ex. R. l. c. עיברה את הדין, v. supra. Tosef.B. Kam. VI, 22 שעיברה הדליקה עד, read with Y. ib. VII, 5c. שעברה … את. 4) (v. עוּבָּר) to carry, be with young. Kidd.31b כי עִבַּרְתּוֹ אמווכ׳ while his mother was pregnant with him, his father died. Tosef.B. Kam. X, 1 ועִיבְּרָה אצלו (B. Kam.IX, 1 ונִתְעַבְּרָה) and the cow became pregnant while she was in his possession. Ḥull.58a; a. fr.Part. pass. f. מְעוּבֶּרֶת; pl. מְעוּבָּרוֹת pregnant. Yeb.XVI, 1. Ib. 36b, a. e. מע׳ חבירו a woman who is with child of another man (divorced or widowed during pregnancy). Gen. R. s. 85 מלכים אני מע׳ גיאלים אני מע׳ I am pregnant with kings, with redeemers (kings and redeemers are destined to be of my offspring). Yeb.III, 10; a. fr. 4) (v. עִיבּוּר) to extend the city limits, for the purpose of defining Sabbath distances, in cases of buildings projecting beyond the city lines (outskirts). Erub.V, 1 כיצד מְעַבְּרִיןוכ׳ (v. אָבַר), defined ib. 53a; Y. ib. V, beg.22b; Y.Ber.VII, 12c top כאשה עוברה like a pregnant woman; Tosef. ib. VI (V), 1; a. e. 6) to complement, add to, esp. to intercalate a month, (second Adar); proclaim a leap year; to complement a month (v. מָלֵא) by assigning to it an additional day (thirty days). Tosef.Snh.II, 1 שנים אומרים צריכה לְעַבֵּר if two judges say, it is necessary to intercalate a month. Ib. 2 על שלשה סימנים מעבריןוכ׳ on three indications the intercalation is decided; על שנים מעבריןוכ׳ when two of them exist, the intercalation is decreed. Ib. ואם עִיבְּרוּהָ הרי זו מעוברת but if they proclaimed it a leap-year, it remains a leap-year; a. fr.Part. pass. מְעוּבָּר; f. מְעוּבֶּרֶת. R. Hash. 19b אלול מע׳ an Elul of thirty days. Snh.11b אינה מע׳ the year is not a leap-year (the declared intercalation is invalid); a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְעַבֵּר, Nithpa. נִתְעַבֵּר 1) to swell (with anger), to become wroth. Sifré Num. 135 (expl. ויתעבר, Deut. 3:26) כאדם שאומר נ׳ בי פלוני נתמלאוכ׳ as a man says, that man (became full) got wroth with me, meaning, he was filled with wrath against me; Yalk. Deut. 818; Sifré Deut. 29 כאשה שאינה יכולה לשוח מפני עוברה ( swelled,) like a woman that cannot bend down on account of the child she is pregnant with; v. עֶבְרָה. 2) to become pregnant. Gen. R. s. 45 מביאה … נִתְעַבְּרָה she conceived on her first intercourse; אין אשה מִתְעַבֶּרֶתוכ׳ no woman conceives on ; Yeb.34a. Ib. b כדי שלא תִתְעַבֵּרוכ׳ that she may not become with child, and her beauty, v. כָּחַש. B. Kam.IX, 1 ונתעברה אצלו, v. supra; a. fr. 3) to be extended, to be consolidated into one township. Y.Erub.V, 22b bot. יכול אני … בית מעון מתעברתוכ׳ I can cause Beth Ma‘on and Tiberias to be considered one township (as regards Sabbath distances). 4) to be added to, to be proclaimed a full month (of thirty days), a leap-year (of thirteen months). Y.R. Hash. III, beg. 58c ניסן לא נ׳ מימיו Nisan was never made a full month (by decree of the court); Y.Shebi.X, beg.39b; a. e.Snh.12a ראויה … שתִּתְעַבֵּר that year ought to have been a leap-year. B. Mets. נִתְעַבְּרָה השנה נתע׳ לשוכר if the year was made a leap-year, the tenant (that rented by the year) reaps the benefit of the intercalation. R. Hash. 19b; a. fr. Nif. נֶעֱבַר (with עֲבֵרָה) to be committed. Tosef.B. Kam. X, 3 בהמה ונֶעֶבְרָה בה עבירה if one stole a beast, and some sinful act was committed on it (by which it became forbidden for any benefit); (B. Kam.IX, 2, a. fr. נעבדה … עבירה).

צבי, צָבָה(b. h.; cmp. עָבָה) to swell. Y.B. Kam.VIII, beg.6b אם כוייו … וצָבַת if one burnt a person with a heated spit on the palm of his hand, and it swelled; ib. על ראשו וצבת, (read וצבה) a. e.Ber.6b לִצְבּוֹת Ar., v. צָבַת. Nif. נִצְבָּה same. Y.Sot.V, beg.20a (line 20) מים מגולין שתה ונ׳ (ed. Krot. שתת ונצבית, corr. acc.) he drank uncovered water (poisoned by a serpent) and his belly was swollen. Ib. (line 2 5) שתת ונִצְבֵּית she drank Pi. צִבֵּא, צִבָּה 1) to cause to swell. Lev. R. s. 17; Yalk. Ps. 808 (read:) ולא צִבִּיתִים, v. עוֹנָה II. 2) to cause the appearance of being swollen. Tosef.Peah IV, 14 המְצַבֶּה את כריסו he that feigns a swollen belly; Y. ib. VIII, 21b top המְצַבֵּא; Keth.68a המצב׳ את בטנו.

צבי, צָבָה(b. h.; cmp. עָבָה) to swell. Y.B. Kam.VIII, beg.6b אם כוייו … וצָבַת if one burnt a person with a heated spit on the palm of his hand, and it swelled; ib. על ראשו וצבת, (read וצבה) a. e.Ber.6b לִצְבּוֹת Ar., v. צָבַת. Nif. נִצְבָּה same. Y.Sot.V, beg.20a (line 20) מים מגולין שתה ונ׳ (ed. Krot. שתת ונצבית, corr. acc.) he drank uncovered water (poisoned by a serpent) and his belly was swollen. Ib. (line 2 5) שתת ונִצְבֵּית she drank Pi. צִבֵּא, צִבָּה 1) to cause to swell. Lev. R. s. 17; Yalk. Ps. 808 (read:) ולא צִבִּיתִים, v. עוֹנָה II. 2) to cause the appearance of being swollen. Tosef.Peah IV, 14 המְצַבֶּה את כריסו he that feigns a swollen belly; Y. ib. VIII, 21b top המְצַבֵּא; Keth.68a המצב׳ את בטנו.

צבי, צָבָה(b. h.; cmp. עָבָה) to swell. Y.B. Kam.VIII, beg.6b אם כוייו … וצָבַת if one burnt a person with a heated spit on the palm of his hand, and it swelled; ib. על ראשו וצבת, (read וצבה) a. e.Ber.6b לִצְבּוֹת Ar., v. צָבַת. Nif. נִצְבָּה same. Y.Sot.V, beg.20a (line 20) מים מגולין שתה ונ׳ (ed. Krot. שתת ונצבית, corr. acc.) he drank uncovered water (poisoned by a serpent) and his belly was swollen. Ib. (line 2 5) שתת ונִצְבֵּית she drank Pi. צִבֵּא, צִבָּה 1) to cause to swell. Lev. R. s. 17; Yalk. Ps. 808 (read:) ולא צִבִּיתִים, v. עוֹנָה II. 2) to cause the appearance of being swollen. Tosef.Peah IV, 14 המְצַבֶּה את כריסו he that feigns a swollen belly; Y. ib. VIII, 21b top המְצַבֵּא; Keth.68a המצב׳ את בטנו.

שְׂאוֹרm. (b. h. שְׂאֹר; שאר to swell, rise) 1) rise, swelling Maasr. I, 2 התמרים משיטילו ש׳ (Ar. סאור) dates are subject to tithes when they begin to swell (rise like dough), expl. Y. ib. 48d bot. משיתמלא החרץ, v. חֶרֶץ; Y.Dem.I, 21c bot. 2) leaven. Ḥull.II, 6 הם ושְׂאוֹרָןוכ׳ if they (the quantities of flour) with the leaven put in and the bran … make up the five Kabs. Pes.5a השבתת ש׳ the removal of leaven (Ex. 21:15). Bets.7b ש׳ שאין ראויוכ׳ leaven, which is not fit to eat, opp. חמץ; a. fr.Trnsf. passion, evil inclination, corruption. Ber.17a, v. עִיסָה. Gen. R. s. 34 (ref. to Gen. 8:21) עלוב הוא הש׳וכ׳ it is poor leaven which he that created it declares to be bad. Yalk. Ruth 601 אל תאמן … תופס שְׂאוֹרוֹ trust no proselyte up to twenty-four generations, for he still retains his corruption, v. סִיאוּר.V. שִׂיאוּר.

שְׂאוֹרm. (b. h. שְׂאֹר; שאר to swell, rise) 1) rise, swelling Maasr. I, 2 התמרים משיטילו ש׳ (Ar. סאור) dates are subject to tithes when they begin to swell (rise like dough), expl. Y. ib. 48d bot. משיתמלא החרץ, v. חֶרֶץ; Y.Dem.I, 21c bot. 2) leaven. Ḥull.II, 6 הם ושְׂאוֹרָןוכ׳ if they (the quantities of flour) with the leaven put in and the bran … make up the five Kabs. Pes.5a השבתת ש׳ the removal of leaven (Ex. 21:15). Bets.7b ש׳ שאין ראויוכ׳ leaven, which is not fit to eat, opp. חמץ; a. fr.Trnsf. passion, evil inclination, corruption. Ber.17a, v. עִיסָה. Gen. R. s. 34 (ref. to Gen. 8:21) עלוב הוא הש׳וכ׳ it is poor leaven which he that created it declares to be bad. Yalk. Ruth 601 אל תאמן … תופס שְׂאוֹרוֹ trust no proselyte up to twenty-four generations, for he still retains his corruption, v. סִיאוּר.V. שִׂיאוּר.

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